Exporting 'Made In America' Democracy examines the various contradictory tensions that democracy-promotion produces in the context of an increasingly capitalist globalization of the world that has accelerated in the post-Cold War period and into the 21st century. According to the author, the Cold War between the U.S. and the Soviet Union (1945-1991) brought the question of democracy to the forefront of modern political debate, and the subsequent collapse of the Soviet model was in part a consequence of the U.S. projection of its own capitalist democracy as a model to be exported and emulated throughout the world. Cavell argues the promise of democracy, as an Enlightenment ideal, has been to transcend the dichotomy of ruler and ruled by establishing self-rule of the people themselves as the normative basis of governance in the modern world. To the contrary, the U.S. National Endowment for Democracy (NED) is promoting a market-oriented democracy benefiting corporate interests, which enhance U.S. economic and political hegemony.

The unique challenge to endowments and foundation funds is to spend the organization's monies to carry out its mission while nevertheless safeguarding the organization's capital. This proceedings addresses how various funds are meeting the challenge through successful investment policy, asset allocation, client-manager relationships, and investment strategies to enhance performance.

The book aims to quantify and analyze how two water scarce but ideologically different Middle Eastern political economies, Saudi Arabia and Syria, addressed water sector investment between 1980 and 2000. The study examines how narrow-coalitions of decision-makers obsessed by impossible-to-achieve food self-sufficiency goals, lacking environmental consideration and safe political processes contributed to massively waste scarce resources and unsustainable water policies. The book shows that of Saudi Arabia's US$1,034 billion in oil revenues (1974-2001), 48% was spent on security, plus 10% on the ruling family. Nominal Per capita income dropped by 42% (1981-2000). Syria's per capita income dropped (1985-2000) by 17%, to US$1,200. Armaments' consumed (1970-1990) 13% of GDP. Agricultural investment was wasteful. Saudis produced wheat at five times the international price, depleted 300 billion m3 of mainly non-renewable groundwater and degraded aquifers' quality. 53% of Saudis have no municipal water connections. Syria's Government return on agricultural investment in 2000 was estimated at US$150 million loss. Aquifers' quality was degraded, leaving most urban households enduring acute water shortages.

International investment policy issues are especially challenging in the 1990s. This proceedings of a seminar sponsored jointly by CFA Institute and Security Analysts Association of Japan addresses topics from endowment management to a comparison of U.S. and Japanese pension policies. It includes a case study focusing on asset allocation in uncertain capital market conditions.

Despite the diversity in income levels, languages, culture, resource endowments, and political systems, the countries of East Asia are more integrated now than they have ever been. Goods, money, and ideas are being traded across the region. East Asia is redefining itself from a collection of disparate nations that looked mainly to markets in the west, to a more self-reliant, innovative, and networked region. Countries in this region are strengthening ties with each other and seeking more strategic partnerships with the rest of the world. 'East Asian Visions' is a collection of essays that convey, firsthand, how some of the most influential thinkers in East Asia view these challenges. The writers are eminent policy makers, statesmen, and scholars. They write about how competition with the west has bred success; how crises in the region have provoked introspection; and how the rise of China is catalyzing change. Some of the themes that permeate these essays include: • How can East Asia's growth success be explained? • Can all countries benefit from China's success, or will some be crowded out? • Will regional integration aid efficiency or will it become a source of vulnerability? • How can East Asian countries deal with the growing domestic concerns such as inequity, slum pollution, and corruption? Contributors include: Aun Porn Moniroth, Chariman, Supreme National Economic Council, Cambodia Roberto F. de Ocampo, President, Asian Institute of Management Toyoo Gyohten, President, Institute for International Monetary Affairs and Senior Adviser, Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ Yujiro Hayami, Professor, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies, Tokyo and Adviser, Joint Graduate Program, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies and the Foundation for Advanced Studies in International Development Jomo K. S., Assistant Secretary General for Economic Development, UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs Cao Sy Kiem, Vice Chairman, Central Party's Economic Committee, Vietnam National Board of Finance and Monetary Policies Consultancy, and teh Vietnam Learning Promotion Association, and Chairman, Vietnam Association of Small and Medium Enterprises Tommy Koh, Ambassador-at-large, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Singapore and Chairman, Institue of Policy Studies, the National Heritage Board, and the Chinese Heritage Centre Haruhiko Kuroda, President, Asian Development Bank and Chairperson of the Bank's Board of Directors Long Yongtu, Secretary-General, Boao Forum for Asia (China) and Dean, School of International Relations and Public Affairs, Fudan University Kishore Mahbubani, Dean, Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore Felipe Medalla, Professor, School of Economics, University of the Philippines Mari Pangestu, Minister of Trade, Republic of Indonesia Minxin Pei, Senior Associate and Director, China Program, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Andrew Sheng, Chair, Annual Capital Markets Roundtable, OECD, Tokyo, and Adjunct Professor, Graduate School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing, and Tun Ismail ali Professor of Monetary and Financial Economics, University of Malaysia Wu Jinglian, Senior Research Fellow, Development Research Center, State Council, China Joseph Yam, Chief Executive, Hong Kong Monetary Authority Zheng Bijian, Chairman, China Reform Forum

The National Endowment for the Arts is often accused of embodying a liberal agenda within the American government. In Federalizing the Muse, Donna Binkiewicz assesses the leadership and goals of Presidents Kennedy through Carter, as well as Congress and the National Council on the Arts, drawing a picture of the major players who created national arts policy. Using presidential papers, NEA and National Archives materials, and numerous interviews with policy makers, Binkiewicz refutes persisting beliefs in arts funding as part of a liberal agenda by arguing that the NEA's origins in the Cold War era colored arts policy with a distinctly moderate undertone. Binkiewicz's study of visual arts grants reveals that NEA officials promoted a modernist, abstract aesthetic specifically because they believed such a style would best showcase American achievement and freedom. This initially led them to neglect many contemporary art forms they feared could be perceived as politically problematic, such as pop, feminist, and ethnic arts. The agency was not able to balance its funding across a variety of art forms before facing serious budget cutbacks. Binkiewicz's analysis brings important historical perspective to the perennial debates about American art policy and sheds light on provocative political and cultural issues in postwar America.

A do-it-yourself guide to investing like the renowned Harvard and Yale endowments.The Ivy Portfolio shows step-by-step how to track and mimic the investment strategies of the highly successful Harvard and Yale endowments. Using the endowment Policy Portfolios as a guide, the authors illustrate how an investor can develop a strategic asset allocation using an ETF-based investment approach.The Ivy Portfolio also reveals a novel method for investors to reduce their risk through a tactical asset allocation strategy to protect them from bear markets. The book will also showcase a method to follow the smart money and piggyback the top hedge funds and their stock-picking abilities. With readable, straightforward advice, The Ivy Portfolio will show investors exactly how this can be accomplished—and allow them to achieve an unparalleled level of investment success in the process.With all of the uncertainty in the markets today, The Ivy Portfolio helps the reader answer the most often asked question in investing today - "What do I do"?

The wealth derived from natural resources can have a tremendous impact on the economics and politics of producing countries. In the last quarter century, we have seen the surprising and sobering consequences of this wealth, producing what is now known as the "resource curse." Countries with large endowments of natural resources, such as oil and gas, often do worse than their poorer neighbors. Their resource wealth frequently leads to lower growth rates, greater volatility, more corruption, and, in extreme cases, devastating civil wars. In this volume, leading economists, lawyers, and political scientists address the fundamental channels generated by this wealth and examine the major decisions a country must make when faced with an abundance of a natural resource. They identify such problems as asymmetric bargaining power, limited access to information, the failure to engage in long-term planning, weak institutional structures, and missing mechanisms of accountability. They also provide a series of solutions, including recommendations for contracting with oil companies and allocating revenue; guidelines for negotiators; models for optimal auctions; and strategies to strengthen state-society linkages and public accountability. The contributors show that solutions to the resource curse do exist; yet, institutional innovations are necessary to align the incentives of key domestic and international actors, and this requires fundamental political changes and much greater levels of transparency than currently exist. It is becoming increasingly clear that past policies have not provided the benefits they promised. Escaping the Resource Curse lays out a path for radically improving the management of the world's natural resources.

Beset with persistent problems of self-interest, corruption, ideological incoherence, and narrow electoral majorities, political parties are the weakest link in many democratic transitions around the world. A large and ever-growing number of U.S., European, and multilateral assistance programs seek to help parties become effective pro-democratic actors. But given the depth of the problems, is success possible? Confronting the Weakest Link is a pathbreaking study of international aid for political parties. Beginning with a penetrating analysis of party shortcomings in developing and postcommunist countries, Thomas Carothers draws on extensive field research to diagnose chronic deficiencies in party aid, assess its overall impact, and offer practical ideas for doing better. This critical analysis spans Latin America, Central and Eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union, Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. It sheds invaluable light on a major element of the contemporary challenge of democracy building, a subject now occupying center stage in the international policy arena.